Glycated hemoglobin ( A1C ): A reference indicator based on the three-month average.
A1C does not directly measure blood glucose; rather, it reflects the average blood glucose level over the past three months. It measures the proportion of heme in the blood that is bound to glucose. While commonly used for diabetes assessment, its accuracy can be affected by various factors, including iron deficiency anemia (leading to elevated A1C ), hemolytic anemia (leading to lower A1C ), infection, liver or kidney disease, or pregnancy. Therefore, A1C should be used as a reference, not the sole criterion.
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Fasting blood glucose: A simple but limited detection method
Fasting blood glucose tests provide basic data, with a normal range of approximately 70 to 90 mg/dL . A level above 110 mg/ dL may begin to damage pancreatic beta cells; a level above 140 mg/ dL may affect organs such as the heart, kidneys, nerves, and brain. For diabetic patients, due to insulin resistance and beta cell loss, it is difficult to reach normal levels initially, but there is still room for improvement through a healthy diet and intermittent fasting.
Postprandial blood glucose: the most accurate way to assess blood glucose.
The most accurate method for measuring blood glucose is one to two hours after a meal. This method reflects the efficiency of insulin release from the pancreas. Ideally, the blood glucose level should be below 120 mg/dL after one hour and below 100 mg/dL after two hours . Exceeding these ranges may indicate a problem with blood glucose regulation. Although this method is rarely mentioned, it is extremely important for monitoring blood glucose dynamics.
Challenges and directions for improvement in diabetes
Diabetic patients often suffer from hypertension, vision problems, neuropathy, heart disease, high cholesterol, and fatty liver, requiring the use of multiple medications. Sometimes, the side effects of these medications even outweigh the effects of high blood sugar itself. Adopting a healthy ketogenic diet and intermittent fasting, combined with high-nutrient-density foods (such as natural foods rich in vitamins A , C , E , and B1 ), can reduce the risk of complications even if blood sugar remains high.
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Conclusion: Choose the right method to manage your blood sugar health
If you wish to more accurately monitor your blood sugar levels, it is recommended to use postprandial blood glucose as the primary assessment method, supplemented by fasting blood glucose and A1C as references. Through dietary adjustments and lifestyle improvements, even those with diabetes can gradually improve their health and reduce the risk of complications. Continuously monitoring blood sugar changes is the first step towards stable health.
YouTube source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ngCHViR4yNA
YouTube Column: Dr. Berger in Chinese Health knowledge
